{"id":6164,"date":"2026-05-03T14:02:40","date_gmt":"2026-05-03T07:02:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mkimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/new-potential-for-colorimetric-visual-detection-of-pb-fe-and-cu-metals-using-caesalpinia-sappan-l-extract-and-stability-analysis-via-dft-calculations\/"},"modified":"2026-05-03T14:29:47","modified_gmt":"2026-05-03T07:29:47","slug":"new-potential-for-colorimetric-visual-detection-of-pb-fe-and-cu-metals-using-caesalpinia-sappan-l-extract-and-stability-analysis-via-dft-calculations","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mkimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/new-potential-for-colorimetric-visual-detection-of-pb-fe-and-cu-metals-using-caesalpinia-sappan-l-extract-and-stability-analysis-via-dft-calculations\/","title":{"rendered":"New Potential for Colorimetric\/Visual Detection of Pb, Fe, and Cu Metals Using Caesalpinia sappan L Extract and Stability Analysis via DFT Calculations"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"6164\" class=\"elementor elementor-6164 elementor-6138\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2628bae4 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-items-top elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2628bae4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-wide\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4411385e\" data-id=\"4411385e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-770132f8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-title elementor-page-title elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"770132f8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">New Potential for Colorimetric\/Visual Detection of Pb, Fe, and Cu Metals Using Caesalpinia sappan L Extract and Stability Analysis via DFT Calculations<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-38a962ff elementor-widget elementor-widget-post-info\" data-id=\"38a962ff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"post-info.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-inline-items elementor-icon-list-items elementor-post-info\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item elementor-repeater-item-734f236 elementor-inline-item\" itemprop=\"author\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/mkimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/author\/editormkimia\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-far-user-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 496 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M248 104c-53 0-96 43-96 96s43 96 96 96 96-43 96-96-43-96-96-96zm0 144c-26.5 0-48-21.5-48-48s21.5-48 48-48 48 21.5 48 48-21.5 48-48 48zm0-240C111 8 0 119 0 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S385 8 248 8zm0 448c-49.7 0-95.1-18.3-130.1-48.4 14.9-23 40.4-38.6 69.6-39.5 20.8 6.4 40.6 9.6 60.5 9.6s39.7-3.1 60.5-9.6c29.2 1 54.7 16.5 69.6 39.5-35 30.1-80.4 48.4-130.1 48.4zm162.7-84.1c-24.4-31.4-62.1-51.9-105.1-51.9-10.2 0-26 9.6-57.6 9.6-31.5 0-47.4-9.6-57.6-9.6-42.9 0-80.6 20.5-105.1 51.9C61.9 339.2 48 299.2 48 256c0-110.3 89.7-200 200-200s200 89.7 200 200c0 43.2-13.9 83.2-37.3 115.9z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text elementor-post-info__item elementor-post-info__item--type-author\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\teditormkimia\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item elementor-repeater-item-5f053c5 elementor-inline-item\" itemprop=\"datePublished\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/mkimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/2026\/05\/03\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-calendar\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M12 192h424c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v260c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48H48c-26.5 0-48-21.5-48-48V204c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12zm436-44v-36c0-26.5-21.5-48-48-48h-48V12c0-6.6-5.4-12-12-12h-40c-6.6 0-12 5.4-12 12v52H160V12c0-6.6-5.4-12-12-12h-40c-6.6 0-12 5.4-12 12v52H48C21.5 64 0 85.5 0 112v36c0 6.6 5.4 12 12 12h424c6.6 0 12-5.4 12-12z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text elementor-post-info__item elementor-post-info__item--type-date\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<time>May 3, 2026<\/time>\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-72eca29c elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-featured-image elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"72eca29c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-featured-image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/mkimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/27\/2026\/04\/aip-general-1024x576-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-6102\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/mkimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/27\/2026\/04\/aip-general-1024x576-1.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/mkimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/27\/2026\/04\/aip-general-1024x576-1-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/mkimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/27\/2026\/04\/aip-general-1024x576-1-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">AIP Illustration (Photo: UNAIR NEWS)<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2495373f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2495373f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-start=\"222\" data-end=\"673\">Previous studies on brazilein have shown color changes in response to pH variations. This study further explores the potential of ethanol extract from sappan wood (<em data-start=\"386\" data-end=\"406\">Caesalpinia sappan<\/em> L) as a metal detection agent. The research supports the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG-6 (Clean Water and Sanitation), by advancing environmentally friendly detection techniques and contributing to environmental and public health monitoring.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"675\" data-end=\"1076\">Through visual observation and UV analysis, color changes in the sappan wood extract can be clearly observed. Computational analysis was also conducted to evaluate the stability and formation energy of the resulting complexes. The sappan wood extract initially appears yellow; when Pb(NO\u2083)\u2082 and Pb(OAc)\u2082 are added, the color changes to pink, with maximum absorbance at \u03bbmax = 462 nm and \u03bbmax = 512 nm.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1078\" data-end=\"1326\">The addition of FeCl\u2083 and Fe(NO\u2083)\u2082 produces a cream color, with maximum absorbance at \u03bbmax = 436 nm and \u03bbmax = 454 nm. Meanwhile, the addition of CuSO\u2084 results in a peach-colored solution, with maximum absorbance at \u03bbmax = 444 nm and \u03bbmax = 500 nm.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1328\" data-end=\"1694\">Stability analysis of chelate formation, calculated using Density Functional Theory (DFT), shows that the Fe complex is the most stable, with the highest interaction energy E(2) of 1907.83 kcal\/mol. The Cu complex also demonstrates high stability, with an energy value of 824.90 kcal\/mol, while the Pb complex is less stable, with an energy value of 296.71 kcal\/mol.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1696\" data-end=\"1742\"><strong data-start=\"1696\" data-end=\"1707\">Author:<\/strong> Prof. Dr. Nanik Siti Aminah, M.Si.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1696\" data-end=\"1742\"><strong data-start=\"1882\" data-end=\"1891\">Link:<\/strong> <a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/scholar.unair.ac.id\/en\/publications\/new-potential-for-colorimetricvisual-detection-of-pb-fe-and-cu-me\/fingerprints\/?sortBy=alphabetically\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"1892\" data-end=\"2037\">https:\/\/scholar.unair.ac.id\/en\/publications\/new-potential-for-colorimetricvisual-detection-of-pb-fe-and-cu-me\/fingerprints\/?sortBy=alphabetically<\/a><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1744\" data-end=\"1880\">Rasayan Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 18, No. 4, pp. 2556\u20132563, October\u2013December 2025<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1744\" data-end=\"1880\">Article type: Research article<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2041\" data-end=\"2208\"><em>This article is a repost from the Popular Scientific Articles page of Universitas Airlangga (UNAIR) and has been adapted for publication on the Chemistry UNAIR page.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Original source: <a href=\"https:\/\/unair.ac.id\/potensi-baru-untuk-deteksi-kolorimetrik-visual-logam-pb-fe-dan-cu-menggunakan-ekstrak-caesalpinia-sappan-l-dan-analisis-stabilitas-menggunakan-perhitungan-dft\/\">\u201cNew Potential for Colorimetric\/Visual Detection of Pb, Fe, and Cu Metals Using Caesalpinia sappan L Extract and Stability Analysis via DFT Calculations\u201d<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-44205c1d\" data-id=\"44205c1d\" 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This study further explores the potential of ethanol extract from sappan wood (Caesalpinia sappan L) as a<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":6102,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6164","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>New Potential for Colorimetric\/Visual Detection of Pb, Fe, and Cu Metals Using Caesalpinia sappan L Extract and Stability Analysis via DFT Calculations - S2 Kimia Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Airlangga<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/mkimia.fst.unair.ac.id\/en\/new-potential-for-colorimetric-visual-detection-of-pb-fe-and-cu-metals-using-caesalpinia-sappan-l-extract-and-stability-analysis-via-dft-calculations\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"New Potential for Colorimetric\/Visual Detection of Pb, Fe, and Cu Metals Using Caesalpinia sappan L Extract and Stability Analysis via DFT Calculations - S2 Kimia Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Airlangga\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Previous studies on brazilein have shown color changes in response to pH variations. 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